HC Verma Class 11 Physics Solutions Chapter 14

About the chapter: HC Verma Class 11 Solutions Chapter 14

Molecules and atoms are what make up matters. A nucleus and electrons make up an atom. Nucleons are the positive-charged protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus. The nucleus is made up of different nucleons that are held together by nuclear forces. Electromagnetic forces work between two electrons and between an electron and the nucleus. The way an atom is put together is because of these forces.

The structure of a molecule is determined by the forces between its atoms, and the structure of a material is determined by the forces between its molecules.

Some physical properties of matter

1. Intermolecular Force

• An Intermolecular Force is the force that acts between two molecules that are close to each other. This force can be felt by every molecule in a solid.

2. Elasticity

• The ability of the body to go back to its original shape and size is called “elasticity.” It’s usually because molecules and atoms have forces that pull them together. The Elastic Force is the name for this force.

3. Perfectly Elastic Body

• Perfectly elastic bodies go back to their original shape and size as soon as the forces that changed them are gone.

4. Plasticity

• It is the opposite of being flexible. The body can’t get back to its original size and shape.

5. Stress

• Stress is the force per unit area on a body’s surface when it changes shape. It is the force that works against the force from outside the body.
• Stress = F/ A
• F = Area, A = Force
• Stress is measured in Nm-2.

Stress Types :

• Normal Stress
• Tangential Stress

Normal Stress: Stress that is perpendicular to the surface of the body is normal stress. It also comes in two kinds:

• Tensile Stress
• Compressive Stress

Stress that acts parallel to the surface of the body is called tangential stress.

6. Young’s Modulus

• The ratio of longitudinal stress to longitudinal strain is called Young’s modulus. It stays the same for all materials.

7. Bulk Modulus

• The bulk modulus of an object is the ratio of its longitudinal stress to its volumetric strain.

8. Shear Modulus

• The ratio of the tangential stress to the shear strain is the shear modulus.

9. Poisson’s Ratio

Lateral strain is the difference between the change in diameter (D) and the diameter of the body at the start (D). Longitudinal strain is the difference between a person’s new length (l) and their original length (l). Here, Poisson’s ratio is the ratio of the sideways strain to the lengthwise strain. 

Features of Utopper HC Verma Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 14

• Students can solve similar problems on their own with the help of HC Verma’s answers in the Utopper.
• Students are given answers that are correct and easy to understand.
• The solutions are given to match the level of understanding of a student in that class.
• The HC Verma solutions that Utopper gives the answer to and explains all of the questions in each chapter.