What is an Addition Reaction?
In the simplest terms of organic chemistry, an addition reaction is a chemical reaction in which two or more reactants come together to make a larger single product.
Addition Reaction Explanation
But an addition reaction can only happen with chemical compounds that have more than one bond. This is because a double or triple bond is usually broken to make the single bonds that are needed. An addition reaction is basically the opposite of a decomposition reaction, in which one compound breaks down into one or more elements or other compounds. As an example of an addition reaction, we can look at the hydrochlorination of propane, which is an alkene.
CH3CH = CH2 + HCl → CH3C+HCH3 + Cl− → CH3CHClCH3
Types of Addition Reactions
There are two types of polar addition reactions, which are:
- Electrophilic Addition reactions
- Nucleophilic Addition reactions
There are two types of non-polar addition reactions, which are:
- Free radical addition reactions
- Cycloadditions reactions
Electrophilic addition:
An electrophilic addition reaction is an addition process in which the bond of a reactant having many bonds, such as a double or triple π bond, is broken and two new σ bonds are generated.
Nucleophilic addition:
A nucleophilic addition reaction is an addition reaction in which a chemical compound containing an electron-deficient or electrophilic double or triple bond, a π bond, reacts with an electron-rich nucleophile, resulting in the elimination of the double bond and the formation of two new single bonds, or σ bonds.
Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
Q.1 What is the main feature of addition reaction?
An addition reaction happens when an atom is added to a combination containing a double or triple bond. Unsaturated molecules are a component in addition processes. There are two or three double or triple bonds in these hydrocarbons. After the completion of an addition reaction, no reactant residues remain.
Q.2 What causes addition reaction?
An addition reaction is an organic process in organic chemistry in which two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule (the adduct). Carbon—hetero double-bonded molecules, such as carbonyl (C=O) and imine (C=N) groups, can be added because they also possess double-bond characteristics.
Q.3 Is halogenation an addition reaction?
A halogen addition reaction is a simple organic reaction in which a halogen molecule is added to the carbon–carbon double bond of an alkene functional group. Combining halogenation and electrophilic addition, this reaction occurs.
Q.4 Is hydration a reaction of addition?
Alkenes perform addition reactions with water in the presence of a catalyst to produce alcohol. The term for this type of addition reaction is hydration. Direct injection of water into the carbon–carbon double bond.
Q.5 What is photo halogenation reaction?
When a halogen combines with an alkane in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation or heat, a haloalkane is produced (alkyl halide). The chlorination of methane is an illustration. The reaction mechanism explains the behaviour. Halogenation’s mechanism.
