Amine is a derivative of ammonia in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with an alkyl or aryl group, whereas Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. A sigma bond connects a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom that is covalently connected to hydrogen or carbon atoms. In contrast, imine is a functional group with a double bond between carbon and nitrogen. Nitrogen is connected to either hydrogen or carbon. If the chemical contains a carbon atom, it is a Schiffs base.
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What is an Amine?
Amine is a derivative of ammonia in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. A functional group containing a nitrogen atom with a lone pair is an amine. The amine can be synthesized through the alkylation of alcohol with ammonia. The -NH2 substituent is referred to as an amino group.
ROH + NH3 → RNH2 + H2O
What is an Amide?
The amine derivative of a carboxylic acid is amide. It possesses the generic formula R(CO)NR2.
A sigma bond connects a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom that is covalently connected to hydrogen or carbon atoms.
Acid chloride can be used to synthesize amide by interacting with an amine.
What is an Imine?
A functional group having a carbon-nitrogen double bond is an imine. Nitrogen is connected to either hydrogen or carbon. If the chemical contains a carbon atom, it is a Schiffs base. Aldehyde or ketone can be reacted with an amine to produce an imine.
Albert Ladenburg, a German chemist, discovered the first imine chemical.
Difference between Amine and Amide
| S No. | Amine | Amide |
| 1. | Amine comprises one or more nitrogen atoms bonded with alkyl groups. | Amide comprises a deprotonated ammonium group with an acyl group. |
| 2. | Amine has no carbonyl group attached to the carbon atom. | Amide has a carbonyl group attached to the carbon atom. |
| 3. | Amine is basic. | Amide is acidic. |
| 4. | Most low molecular weight amine is gas at room temperature or is easily vaporisable. | Most of the amide is solid at room temperature. |
| 5. | Amine has a relatively low boiling point. | Amide has a relatively high boiling point. |
Difference between Amide and Imine
| S No. | Amide | Imine |
| 1. | An amide is a functional group in which a sigma bond links a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom and either a hydrogen or a carbon atom. | An imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. |
| 2. | Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. | The imine is a derivative of aldehydes and ketones by substituting an oxygen atom with an (N-R) group. |
| 3. | Amide is odourless. | Imine has a roasted odour of seafood. |
| 4. | Amide has a general formula R(CO)NR2. | Imine has a general formula R2C=NR. |
| 5. | The bond length of amide is relatively more than imine. | The bond length of imine is relatively less than amide. |
Difference between Amine and Imine
| S No. | Amine | Imine |
| 1. | An amine is a functional group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group. | An imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. |
| 2. | An amine is a derivative of ammonia formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. | An imine is a derivative of aldehydes and ketones formed by substituting an oxygen atom with an (N-R) group. |
| 3. | Amine has a general formula R(CO)NR2. | Imine has a general formula R2C=NR. |
| 4. | Amine has a fishy smell. | Imine has a roasted odour of seafood. |
| 5. | An amine is relatively more basic than imine. | An imine is relatively less basic than an amine. |
Frequently Asked Questions on Amine Amide Imine
Q.1 What is amine?
A functional group containing a nitrogen atom with a lone pair is an amine. Amine is a derivative of ammonia in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. The -NH2 substituent is referred to as an amino group.
Q.2 What is amide?
The amine derivative of carboxylic acid is amide. It possesses the generic formula R(CO)NR2.
A sigma bond connects a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom that is covalently connected to hydrogen or carbon atoms.
Q.3 What is imine?
A functional group having a carbon-nitrogen double bond is an imine. Nitrogen is connected to either hydrogen or carbon. If the chemical contains a carbon atom, it is a Schiffs base.
Q.4 Are amine and amide the same?
No, amine and amide are distinct compounds. Amine is a derivative of ammonia in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with an alkyl or aryl group, whereas amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. A sigma bond connects a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom that is covalently connected to hydrogen or carbon atoms.
Q.5 Are amide and imine same?
The amide and imine are not same. A sigma bond connects a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom and either a hydrogen or a carbon atom to form an amide functional group. In contrast, an imine is a functional group with a double bond between carbon and nitrogen.
