Alcohol Phenol and Ether are crucial functional groups in organic chemistry, as they influence several organic processes.
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Alcohol is a chemical molecule having the formula R-OH, where R can be any alkyl or aryl group. In organic chemistry, it is a crucial functional group. It is a substrate for the synthesis of several chemicals with economic significance. Ethanol– C2H5OH is widely utilized as a solvent for numerous laboratory reactions. Industrial alcohol is created through the fermentation process.
Phenol has the formula C6H5OH and is an organic chemical. Its purest form is a white crystalline substance with a disinfectant-like odor. It creates blisters on the skin and should therefore be treated with extreme caution.
Ether is a chemical molecule that has the formula R-O-R. Due to their low boiling point, they are widely utilized as organic solvents and are a popular laboratory reagent. For instance, Diethyl ether (C2H5-O-C2H5) has a boiling point of 34.6oC.
Alcohol Phenol Ether Chemistry Questions with Solutions
Q1. Which alcohol is commercially available in shops and edible to consume?
Answer: Ethanol (C2H5OH) is an alcohol that is commercially available in shops and is edible to consume.
Q2. Which alcohol is unfit for consumption?
Answer: Methanol (CH3OH) is unfit for consumption. It is also called wood alcohol. It is highly toxic and could lead to blindness, coma, and death.
Q3. Are alcohols polar in nature?
Answer: Yes, alcohols are highly polar in nature.
Q4. What is the correct formula for ethylene glycol alcohol? Mention its uses.
Answer: The correct formula for ethylene glycol is HO-CH2-CH2-OH. It is used in cosmetics, and paints and is also used as an anti-freeze agent.
Q5. Explain Esterification.
Answer: Esterification is a reaction in which an alcohol and carboxylic acid combine together to produce ester and water in the presence of an acid catalyst. Esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids and have a pleasant, fruity odor.
Q6. What is the order of reactivity of alcohols during the esterification reaction?
Answer: The order of reactivity of alcohols during esterification is 1o > 2o > 3o alcohols.
Q7. Match the following items of column 1 with column 2 and choose the correct answer:
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
| 1) Isopropyl alcohol | a) C3H6O |
| 2) Vinyl alcohol | b) C3H7OH |
| 3) Allyl alcohol | c) C2H4O |
| 4) Propargyl alcohol | d) C3H4O |
Answer:
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
| 1) Isopropyl alcohol | b) C3H7OH |
| 2) Vinyl alcohol | c) C2H4O |
| 3) Allyl alcohol | a) C3H6O |
| 4) Propargyl alcohol | d) C3H4O |
Q8. Match the following named reactions of column 1 with the appropriate functional group in column 2 and choose the correct answer:
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
| 1) Dow Reaction | a) Alcohol |
| 2) Williamson Synthesis | b) Ether |
| 3) Pinacol Pinacolone Rearrangement | c) Phenol |
Answer:
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
| 1) Dow Reaction | c) Phenol |
| 2) Williamson Synthesis | b) Ether |
| 3) Pinacol Pinacolone Rearrangement | a) Alcohol |
Q9. What is the common name of 2,4,6 trinitro phenol?
Answer: Picric acid is the common name of 2,4,6 trinitro phenol.
Q10. Why are ethers more volatile than alcohol?
Answer: Ethers are more volatile than alcohol because ethers do not have intermolecular hydrogen bonding whereas alcohols are involved in intermolecular H-bonding. Thus, more energy is required to break the H-bonding in alcohols which leads to an increase in their boiling point, making them less volatile.
Q11. Why do ethers make good solvents?
Answer: Ethers are good solvents because they are resistant to the attack of nucleophiles and bases.
Q12. What is Claisen Rearrangement?
Answer: Claisen rearrangement is a [3,3] sigmatropic reaction where allyl vinyl ether is converted to an unsaturated carbonyl compound in the presence of heat (200oC – 250oC) or in the presence of a lewis acid.
Q13. Among the following, the compound with functional group -O- is
a) Acetone
b) Methyl alcohol
c) Acetic acid
d) Ethyl methyl ether
Answer: (d)
Ethyl methyl ether (C2H5 – O – CH3) is a compound with functional group -O-
Q14. Oxidation of alcohol to aldehyde can be done by
a) Treatment with LiAlH4
b) Treatment with NaBH4
c) Treatment with LiBH4
d) Treatment with PCC
Answer: (d)
Pyridinium Chlorochromate (PCCC) oxidizes alcohol to aldehyde.
Q15. What is the IUPAC name of m-cresol?
(a) Benzene-1,3-diol
(b) 3-methylphenol
(c) 3-chlorophenol
(d) 3-methoxyphenol
Answer: (b) 3-methylphenol
